Alexie (acquired dyslexia)

Teilweiser oder völliger Verlust der Lesefähigkeit, nach erfolgtem Schriftspracherwerb aufgrund einer Hirnschädigung. Post mortem gefundene Läsionen oder Lokalisationen im CT haben zu einer neuroanatomisch basierten Taxonomie geführt. Dazu gehören die Parieto-occipitale Alexie, die Occipitale Alexie und die Frontale Alexie.

Die Analyse der beobachtbaren Defizite in der Kulturtechnik Lesen hat zu einer neurolinguistisch, also funktional basierten Taxonomie geführt. Dazu gehören die Phonologische A., die Tiefenalexie, die Oberflächenalexie, die Wortformalexie.

Zu den Alexien, die infolge visueller Defizite (Neglect, Hemianopsie) entstehen, gehören die Neglectalexie und die hemianope Lesestörung.

Bei der Befundung und Diagnose von Lesestörungen sollte das prämorbide Leistungsniveau in die Überlegung einbezogen werden, weil es besonders bei den Kulturtechniken interindividuelle Unterschiede gibt.

Literatur:

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Pirozzolo, F.J., Kerr, K.L., Obrzut, J.E., Morley, G.K., Haxby, J.V., Lundgren, S., (1981) Neurolinguistic analysis of the language abilities of a patient with a “double disconnection syndrome”: a case of subangular alexia in the presence of mixed transcortical aphasia. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 44(2), 152-155

Varney, N.R., (1981) Letter recognition and visual form discrimination in aphasic alexia. Neuropsychologia, 19(6), 795-800

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Aaron, P.G., Baxter, C.F., Lucenti. J., (1980) Developmental dyslexia and acquired alexia: two sides of the same coin? Brain and Language 11(1), 1-11

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Albert, M.L., Yamadori, A., Gardner, H., Howes, D., (1973) Comprehension in alexia. Brain, Vol. 96(2), 317-328

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Marshall, J., Newcombe, F., (1973) Patterns of Paralexia: A psycholinguistic approach. Journal of psycholinguistic research, Vol 2 (3)

Benson, D.F.; Brown, J., (1971) Varieties of alexia. Word and letter blindness. Neurology, Vol.21